Flying Without Real ID: Understanding Your Options

What the Real ID Act Is and Why It Matters for Flying

The Real ID Act became law in 2005 as a federal security measure. It set minimum standards for how states issue driver's licenses and identification cards. The main goal was to create a more secure form of identification that would be harder to counterfeit or misuse. The Department of Homeland Security manages these standards.

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On May 7, 2025, the federal government will require all passengers to present either a Real ID-compliant driver's license, passport, or another approved form of identification when boarding domestic flights in the United States. Before this date, people could use a regular state driver's license that did not meet Real ID standards. After May 7, 2025, using a non-compliant license for air travel will no longer be an option.

A Real ID-compliant driver's license looks similar to a regular license but has a star symbol in the upper right corner. Some states place the star elsewhere, but it is always visible on the card. This star indicates that the document meets federal security standards. The card contains enhanced security features that make it more difficult to forge.

The Real ID requirement applies to all domestic air travel within the United States. This includes flights between any two U.S. states, territories, or possessions. It does not apply to international flights departing from the U.S., which have always required a passport or other federally approved document.

Practical Takeaway: If you plan to fly domestically after May 7, 2025, you will need to bring either a Real ID-compliant driver's license, a U.S. passport, or another approved document to the airport. Check your current driver's license for the star symbol to see if it already meets the standard.

Identification Documents You Can Use Instead of a Real ID License

You have several options for identification at airport security. A U.S. passport is the most common alternative to a Real ID driver's license. A passport is issued by the U.S. Department of State and is valid for domestic flights. It costs money to obtain and requires an application process, but it serves as identification for both domestic and international travel. A passport book costs $130 for adults applying for the first time (as of 2024), while a passport card costs $35. Processing times vary depending on demand but typically range from several weeks to several months.

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A passport card is a smaller version of a passport book. It fits in a wallet and is valid for domestic flights and travel to Canada, Mexico, Bermuda, and the Caribbean by land or sea. It cannot be used for international air travel outside these nearby regions. Some travelers prefer the passport card because it is compact, though it costs less than a passport book.

A military ID serves as an approved form of identification at airports. This applies to active duty military members, retirees, and their dependents who have military identification. A Department of Defense ID card is issued through military branches and does not expire for airport security purposes.

Native American tribal ID cards that are federally recognized may be used at airport security. Tribal members should check with their specific tribe to learn whether their ID meets federal standards. Some tribes issue cards that comply with Real ID or federal security standards, while others do not.

Other approved documents include a Enhanced Driver's License (EDL), which some states issue instead of a Real ID license. An EDL meets Real ID standards and contains additional security features. Permanent Resident Cards (green cards), refugee travel documents, and certain employment authorization documents also work at airport security.

Practical Takeaway: You do not have to get a Real ID driver's license. If you have a passport, military ID, or another approved document listed above, you can use that to board domestic flights instead. Review what documents you already have before deciding to apply for anything new.

How to Get a Real ID-Compliant Driver's License

The process for obtaining a Real ID driver's license varies by state, but most states follow similar steps. First, you will need to gather required documents. These typically include proof of identity (such as a birth certificate or passport), proof of Social Security number (such as a Social Security card or tax return), and proof of address (such as a utility bill or lease). Some states have additional requirements. Checking your state's DMV or motor vehicle website will show you the exact documents needed in your location.

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Once you have gathered your documents, you will need to visit your state's Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or equivalent office in person. You cannot get a Real ID driver's license online, by mail, or through a third party. This in-person requirement is a federal security standard. You will need to provide your documents, answer questions about your identity and address, and have your photograph taken. Some states allow you to schedule an appointment in advance, which can reduce wait times.

The cost of a Real ID driver's license varies by state. Most states charge between $20 and $80 for a new license or renewal. Some states charge the same price as a regular license, while others charge slightly more for the enhanced security features. Check your state's DMV website for the specific fee in your area.

Processing times also vary. If you apply in person at the DMV, you may receive your license on the same day or within a few weeks, depending on your state. Some states mail the card after you apply, which can add one to two weeks. A few states offer expedited processing for an additional fee, though this is not available everywhere.

Your current driver's license remains valid until its expiration date, even if it is not Real ID-compliant. You do not have to rush to replace it unless you plan to fly domestically after May 7, 2025, or need to access federal buildings, military bases, or nuclear power plants (which have separate Real ID requirements that began earlier).

Practical Takeaway: Visit your state's DMV website to learn the exact documents you need, fees, and wait times. Plan ahead, gather your documents, and schedule an appointment if your state offers one. You must visit the DMV in person to apply.

Options for People Without Standard Documentation

Some people face challenges obtaining a Real ID driver's license because they lack standard documents like a birth certificate or Social Security card. This group includes certain immigrants, people experiencing homelessness, and others in difficult circumstances. These individuals still have options for flying.

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If you have a U.S. passport or passport card, you can use it to board domestic flights without a Real ID driver's license. Getting a passport requires similar documentation to getting a Real ID license, but the U.S. Department of State may accept alternative documents in some cases. For example, if you do not have a birth certificate, the State Department may accept church records, school records, or other documents that establish your identity and birth date. Contacting a local passport acceptance facility can provide guidance on what documents might work in your situation.

People without a Social Security number—such as some non-citizens—may still obtain a Real ID driver's license in many states. Some states issue driver's licenses to individuals regardless of immigration status. These licenses may still meet Real ID standards. Rules vary significantly by state, so contacting your state DMV is necessary to understand your options.

Individuals experiencing homelessness can obtain identification in most states. A physical address is often required, but some states allow homeless individuals to use a shelter address, a mailing address at a community organization, or other alternatives. Homeless services organizations in your area can often provide guidance on how to navigate this process.

Transgender and non-binary individuals may face barriers if their identity documents do not reflect their current name or gender. Many states now allow gender marker changes on driver's licenses with varying levels of documentation required. Some states also allow name changes on licenses without court orders. Contacting your state DMV or a legal services organization that works with LGBTQ+ individuals can provide guidance on the specific process in your state.

For anyone facing unusual barriers, contacting your state's DMV directly or reaching out to a legal services organization or community nonprofit that works with your population can provide tailored guidance. Many organizations offer services to help people navigate the identification process.

Practical Takeaway: If you lack standard documents, a U.S. passport may be an option, or your state's DMV may accept alternative documents. Contact your state DMV or a local legal services organization to learn what documents might work in your situation.

What Happens at Airport Security With Different Forms of ID

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